Cardiovascular Disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. CVD includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). A heart attack occurs when the blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked by a blood clot. If this clot cuts off the blood flow completely, the part of the heart muscle supplied by that artery begins to die. Most people survive their first heart attack and return to their normal lives, enjoying many more years of productive activity. But experiencing a heart attack does mean that you need to make some changes.
Types Of Heart Disease:
There are different types of cardiovascular disease that are found very commonly in our community. These problems are Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Heart Failure, Heart Valve Disease, Congenital Heart Defects (CHDs), Arrhythmias. In coronary artery disease (CAD) a sticky deposit shows up in arteries that reduce blood flow to the heart. Heart failure is the loss of heart muscle partially or completely loss of function to pump blood. Hearty valve disease is the most common heart disease in which one of four heart valves is damaged or loses its function. The heart valve doesn’t open or close properly which interrupts blood flow. Congenital heart defects are the abnormal growth of heart in the fetus during development. Arrhythmias is considered an atypical heartbeats pattern. Sometimes the heartbeat rhythm becomes too slow or sometimes it becomes too fast.
Symptom:
A person having cardiovascular disease shows these symptoms like chest pain, pressure, shortness of breath, nausea , heartburn, exhaustion, pain in arm and neck, Swelling in the feet and abdomen, An abnormal heart rhythm, unusual fatigue and dizziness are found very common on daily
Risk Factors:
There are many risk factors for heart diseases: age, sex, tobacco use, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, unhealthy diet, obesity, genetic predisposition and family history of cardiovascular disease, raised blood pressure (hypertension), raised blood sugar (diabetes mellitus), raised blood cholesterol (hyperlipidemia), undiagnosed celiac disease, psychosocial factors, poverty and low educational status, and air pollution. While the individual contribution of each risk factor varies between different communities or ethnic groups the overall contribution of these risk factors is very consistent.
Common treatments
Here are some common treatments for different types of cardiovascular disease. Mild cases may not require immediate treatment but will need regular monitoring by a cardiologist.
- Heart Valve Problems
- Medications
- Heart valve surgery
- Arrhythmia
- Medications
- Pacemaker
- Coronary angioplasty
- Coronary artery bypass graft surgery
